Nowadays, many people engage in artificial insemination, but most of them do not know how it is done. Let's follow the encyclopedia to learn about the process of artificial insemination.
What is artificial insemination?
Artificial insemination refers to the process of extracting sperm or eggs from the body, processing or cultivating them into embryos, and then implanting them into the human body. The most familiar treatment among them is "in vitro fertilization".
In fact, the simplest sperm washing combined with artificial insemination in the uterus is also a type of artificial insemination. For mild infertility diseases, such as mild poor sperm motility, autoimmune diseases caused by anti sperm antibodies in couples, and cervical diseases, artificial insemination treatment has a 50% pregnancy rate each time.
Even patients with severe male oligozoospermia or azoospermia have the opportunity to have children through sperm microinjection surgery.
What is the process of artificial insemination?
1、 Preparation of semen
1. Outpatient visit to confirm whether artificial insemination (AIH) with husband's sperm is necessary. Couples should go to the hospital clinic to determine who is suitable for AIH and who is not. The situation of whether the male and female are suitable for artificial insemination is as follows.
2. Outpatient treatment, guided by the attending physician, includes examinations of both the male and female partners before preparing for artificial insemination with AIH; The materials that both spouses need to prepare, such as their ID cards, marriage certificates, and valid birth certificates (such as birth permits); Precautions before artificial insemination.
3. Seek medical attention at the hospital and arrange for AIH assisted pregnancy treatment.
Sign the informed consent document for treatment. Prior to treatment, both spouses must bring one original and one copy each, and jointly go to the hospital to sign the relevant consent form and other documents. At the same time, the doctor will also inform them of relevant precautions and treatment plans. Developing ovulation cycle plan and precautions for AIH assisted pregnancy treatment.
4. Seek medical attention at the hospital and induce ovulation.
Natural cycle: usually does not require medication to induce ovulation; Ovulation induction cycle: When the follicle diameter reaches 18mm and urine LH is negative, HCG injection is used to induce ovulation.
5. Hospital treatment, artificial insemination.
5.1 Male Sperm Retrieval: The patient and his wife should go to the hospital at the time scheduled by the doctor. The male partner needs to bring his original ID card and marriage certificate, which will be verified by the doctor before masturbating for sperm retrieval.
5.2 Artificial insemination: The doctor completes the processing of the male's semen in the laboratory, and the female enters the operating room for artificial insemination according to the hospital's requirements. The surgery usually takes 10 minutes to complete, and after the surgery, she rests in bed for 30 minutes in the observation room.
6. Visit the reproductive center for follow-up examination.
Our country's reproductive centers only allow egg freezing for women undergoing in vitro fertilization. If there are excess eggs and both partners agree, donation can also be made. Before freezing eggs, relevant physical examinations are required.
2、 Getting an ovulation needle to retrieve an egg
If one wants to retrieve eggs, the first step is to administer a follicle stimulating injection to the female after gonadotropins have stimulated egg development. After about 36 hours, the doctor will use ultrasound guidance to penetrate the vagina into the ovaries and extract the follicular fluid from the follicles. Through B-ultrasound, it can be seen that a transparent substance resembling a crystal ball is the follicle, which is pregnant with mature eggs. The egg retrieval surgery usually takes no more than 10 minutes.
3、 Send follicular fluid to the laboratory
The doctor sucks out the follicular fluid into a test tube and quickly passes it through the window to the microscope in the laboratory. The process of freezing eggs is entirely carried out in the laboratory. Eggs are delicate and sensitive to light, cold, and heat, so the entire egg retrieval process must be quickly completed in a dark environment.
4、 Extract oocytes
Egg cells are suspended in follicular fluid, and laboratory technicians first separate the egg cells from the follicular fluid under a microscope.
5、 Egg dehydration
The laboratory staff put the eggs into a highly concentrated dehydrated cryoprotectant solution for dehydration. Quickly place the dehydrated eggs into a specialized container containing liquid nitrogen, and immediately immerse them in liquid nitrogen. This method is called vitrification freezing.
6、 Put it into the liquid nitrogen tank
The eggs are transferred to a liquid nitrogen tank at minus 198 ℃ for long-term storage, and each egg has a corresponding number for future use.
7、 Re warm during use
After a certain period of time, when women need to use eggs, professional technicians extract the eggs from liquefied nitrogen, reheat them, and remove the chemicals used to remove the eggs with a solution. Fertilize the surviving egg and male sperm in vitro to cultivate an embryo. After about 3-5 days, choose the healthiest embryo to transplant into the woman's uterus.
