Progesterone is a natural progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary, which has a significant morphological effect on the endometrium stimulated by estrogen in the body and is necessary for maintaining pregnancy. Progesterone is clinically used for reactive diagnosis of amenorrhea or other causes such as threatened miscarriage and habitual miscarriage. The effects of progesterone include the following aspects:
1. In the late stage of the menstrual cycle, glandular growth occurs in the uterine mucosa, causing congestion and thickening of the endometrium, preparing for the implantation of fertilized eggs. After implantation of the fertilized egg, it produces a placenta and reduces the excitability of the pregnant uterus, inhibiting its activity and ensuring safe fetal growth.
2. Under the combined action of estrogen, it promotes the full development of breasts and prepares them for lactation.
3. Close the cervix, reduce mucus and thicken it, making it difficult for sperm to penetrate; At high doses, the negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, resulting in ovulation inhibition.
4. Elevated: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21 β - hydroxylase deficiency, 17 β - hydroxylase deficiency, 11 β - hydroxylase deficiency, etc.), ovarian tumors, molar pregnancy.
5. Promote the release of prolactin: Oral administration of 5-10g of medroxyprogesterone can cause lactation, while high-dose estrogen can prevent lactation.
6. Regulating endocrine system together with estrogen: Normal female friends secrete 0.5-1mg of estrogen every day, 2-3mg of progesterone every day before ovulation, and 20-30 mg of progesterone every day after ovulation. During pregnancy, women secrete 0.1-0.2g of estrogen per day, 0.2-0.4g of progesterone per day for the first 6 months of pregnancy, and 0.4-0.8g of progesterone per day for the last 4 months of pregnancy.
Whether pregnant women lack progesterone in their bodies can be confirmed through laboratory tests or by measuring basal body temperature. It is indeed a case of luteal insufficiency. In order to conceive, progesterone can be injected 3-4 days after the basal body temperature rises, and used continuously for 9-10 weeks until the mother can naturally secrete progesterone. The use of progesterone under normal circumstances of progesterone deficiency does not pose any danger.
However, progesterone is not a miracle drug, and taking progesterone has certain side effects. Medical artificial progesterone is used to treat diseases such as habitual miscarriage and dysmenorrhea. But progesterone has side effects and should be used with caution. The use of large amounts of progesterone in early pregnancy increases the risk of fetal deformities in the spine, anus, limbs, and other areas by 8 times; About 18% of female fetuses experience masculinization symptoms using artificially synthesized progesterone.
